Resources
Research journal
Deep, plain-language explainers on the mechanics that decide a route — not marketing. Each guide links through to the source-dated program records it relies on.
6 min read · updated 2026-09-19
Golden Visa vs Citizenship: the difference that matters
Most route failures come from buying residence when you wanted a passport (or vice versa). This guide separates the legal outcomes before you touch a single number.
7 min read · updated 2026-09-19
Due diligence & source of funds: the real gate
Minimum amounts get applicants started; due diligence decides who finishes. This guide covers what reviewers actually look at.
6 min read · updated 2026-09-19
Physical presence: why 'days per year' is a lie
One of the most repeated errors in immigration marketing is a single 'days per year' figure per country. Presence rules are dimension-specific and counting-method-specific.
6 min read · updated 2026-09-19
Naturalization cohorts: which rule version applies to you
When a country amends its nationality law, existing applicants are frozen into a cohort — the rule in force when they acquired their first permit or filed often governs their case. Getting the cohort wrong shifts the target date by years.
5 min read · updated 2026-09-19
Family & dependents: who travels with the grant
Family composition is one of the biggest cost and eligibility variables across routes. Here is what 'dependents' actually means, by route type.
7 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Citizenship by birth vs parent residence: five questions to separate
A child’s citizenship, birth registration, a parent’s residence, permanent residence, and a parent’s naturalization are five different legal questions. This guide keeps them separate.
6 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Argentina citizenship and permanent residence options after the 2025 changes
Argentina offers citizenship by birth, permanent residence on defined grounds, and naturalization after qualifying residence—but the current continuity rule is stricter than many older guides suggest.
10 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Which citizenship-by-investment programs are active in 2026?
An official-source map of direct citizenship programs, staged investor routes and the cases that should not be marketed as a passport purchase.
9 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Caribbean citizenship by investment: how to compare the five programs
The five Eastern Caribbean programs share regional safeguards, but option structure, family definitions, interviews and implementation details still require a country-by-country comparison.
7 min read · updated 2026-09-21
São Tomé and Príncipe citizenship by investment: what to verify first
A newer program can be attractive, but limited implementation history makes authority, representative and payment verification more important—not less.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Malta citizenship by merit vs permanent residence
Malta has a permanent-residence program and a separate merit-naturalisation framework. Neither should be presented as the discontinued direct-investment citizenship product.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
How to verify a citizenship or Golden Visa agent
A polished website is not authority. This checklist shows how to verify the person, licence, scope, payment route and conflicts before sharing sensitive documents.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Hungary Guest Investor Program: fund vs donation
Hungary's two guest-investor options have very different economics. One preserves an investment subject to eligibility and holding rules; the other is a larger, non-refundable contribution.
9 min read · updated 2026-09-21
New Zealand investor visa: Growth vs Balanced
The choice is not simply NZD 5 million versus NZD 10 million. Acceptable assets, investment period, presence and portfolio risk all change with the category.
9 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Hong Kong New CIES: how the HKD 30 million structure works
New CIES combines an asset-ownership test, a defined investment allocation and ongoing account oversight. The headline minimum is only the starting point.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Latvia investor residence: property vs company capital
Latvia's investor residence routes can look inexpensive in a comparison table, but the property and company tests contain conditions that a headline threshold omits.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Saint Lucia CBI options: fund, property, enterprise or bond?
Saint Lucia publishes four citizenship-by-investment categories. The right comparison starts with liquidity, holding rules and verification—not a single promotional minimum.
8 min read · updated 2026-09-21
Dominica citizenship: EDF contribution vs approved real estate
Dominica offers two official citizenship-by-investment paths. Their approval process is shared, but their cash flow, holding obligations and risk are not.
Research cutoff 2026-09-21; verify material claims before acting.